Della compagnia del grande scrittore Mark Twain, morto cento anni fa a Redding nel Connecticut, avremmo bisogno tutt’oggi. Ed è per questo che ne parliamo. Del suo senso dell’humor in primo luogo, della His critique of conformity, the teasing, the denunciations of the myths and all the glories (which were not so obviously), is the classic "days gone by." His whole life was a mockery and a rebellion against something that is difficult to classify, halfway between history and sentiment, which was not part of the American spirit or rather of his spirit, made of adventure and pursuit of truth. Twain was a writer very uncomfortable, so ahead of their time voluntarily to be ignored for what he wrote (especially in journalism), the relatives were forced to burn many of his manuscripts because they are dangerous to the religious community. Twain said the "complaint" so good-natured, with one of the many aphorisms for which will be universally known: "Only the dead are allowed to tell the truth." Besides the profession of journalist had a strange relationship of love (of course) and aversion through a generous philosophy of good taste and learn to live together: "You must first be clear about the facts, so you can distort them as you think, "he said.
To this strange feeling with the "truth" (even in ordinary expressions) and have found much more in là da certo anonimo quotidiano, Mark Twain venne classificato come il più americano fra gli scrittori d’America e per questo qualcuno affermò anche che «tutta la letteratura moderna statunitense viene da un libro di Mark Twain Huckleberry Finn . Tutti gli scritti americani derivano da quello. Non c’era niente prima. Non c’era stato niente di così buono in precedenza». A pensarla così Ernest Hemingway in compagnia di William Faulkner .
Si potrebbe cominciare dal suo nome che non era, come forse alcuni sapranno, Mark Twain, but Samuel Langhorne Clemens, the nickname that made him famous around the world marine origin as experts point out fantastic narrative and Gianni Pilo Sebastiano Fusco, "" Mark Twain! Scored two arms ", they shouted, in the dialect of the South, soundings on boats traveling along the Mississippi, the helmsman pointing the depth of the seabed, to avoid aground on the shoals. The young Samuel Clemens Longhorne that on those boats had spent childhood and youth, when he began to write and publish, just wanted to choose that cry as a pseudonym. " You might as well start to understand his personality as a free man, real enough, in love physical sciences, and especially libertarian themselves for others (it was part of "American imperialism anti league," league opposed the annexation of the Philippines from the U.S.). Twain was open to the world as would be expected only from a great American of his generation, left school early because of the death of his father and a hundred thousand jobs, was a printer (apprentice), a merchant, writer, humorist, a sailor on the boat, soldier in the Civil War on the side of the Confederates, then gold miner, reporter, tireless traveler and lecturer at universities. He knew and visited not only America but the whole world far and wide and became known Thirty years thanks to the short story "The Frog jumping" and had "only" forty years old when he became one of the most famous men in America. To understand the modern - Rivers in the writings - you have to think of Mark Twain as a man who arrived before the others in many small and large gestures of everyday life and professional life. Let the word to Pylos and then Fusco, "said villager to be tied to the spirit of" Deep South "but in reality it was the most modern writers. It was the first to use the typewriter and the fountain pen, and dictate a book to the phonograph. He wrote the lyrics of some songs that became hugely popular. He publishing industry by major figures: the advance was celebrated two hundred thousand dollars (then) he paid to secure the exclusive memoirs of General Grant. " It was a very rich man and famous but not always successful in business and private sectors. He passed the old age crisis and grief among family .
Scholars tell us how life has been complicated by Mark Twain (almost as if they existed more than one person in one), multi-faceted, full of lessons and contradictions discharged too 'it works. And of course they are right. Two in particular the most note e lette da generazioni di giovani (anche se, soprattutto la seconda delle due è tutt’altro che un libro per ragazzi perché venne perfino radiato dalle biblioteche): Le avventure di Tom Sawyer (1876) e Le avventure di Huckleberry Finn (1884). Detti libri altro non sarebbero (nell’immaginazione dei teorici) se non le diverse parti – almeno tre – della stessa vita dello scrittore. «Se alla fine di quella che abbiamo definito la prima fase della sua vita Clemens assomiglia in un certo senso a Tom Sawyer», scrive Guido Carboni autore di un invito “alla lettura” dello scrittore americano, «è cioè una sorta di adolescente in fondo romantico e soprattutto eager to attract the attention of the world telling stories, more or less embellished in the memory and processing in the narrative of his adventures at the end of the second stage we could say that looks more like Huck, despite his 50 years. As Huck has accumulated much experience of life and men, although it seems much less willing to forgive Huck of their flaws, and a good wealth. As Huck continues to want to say second in the world that is joined, of wanting to "run away" to freer lands, but stays at home looking for a balance in the double identity of respectable citizens convinced of its role as Peter rebel , scourge of the stupidity of mondo che lo circonda. Solo che in Clemens queste tensioni non sembrano veramente trovare un accettabile equilibrio» .
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn è il capolavoro di Twain ed è il seguito di “Tom Sawyer” (dove il personaggio di Huck che vive in un barile era già apparso). È il romanzo di un giovane figlio di un ubriacone «senza casa, senza famiglia, senza educazione, ozioso, sfrenato, malvagio». Malgrado tutto - o forse proprio per la sua personalità ribelle – divenuto «beniamino» dei giovanissimi the village. The story is about a boy who does not succumb to lack of freedom, the reputation of the novel is primarily due to "internal clashes" between civilization and wilderness, corrupting the first roussoianamente good the second. The point of view from which Twain tells the story (such as our "Newspaper of Gian Gale" of Vamba or "The Baron in the Trees" by Italo Calvino), the main character is rebellious, the book lacks a respectable moral - and Victorian - able to hang the story on the side of the so-called "civilization" and the reason educators .
Nel libro è assente la «”correzione” di una morale finale che dimostri come la disobbedienza, i “vizi”, la mancanza di decoro siano negativi e portino chi li pratica ad una brutta fine», probabilmente perché Twain da grande narratore autobiografico aveva presente la differenza fra un’esistenza vissuta nel rischio e il suo esatto contrario. Non sempre poi, per lui, quel mondo reale messo su nel tempo, mattone su mattone, rispondeva a un armonico disegno di libertà e verità. Per questo, per l’autore dell’ironico Un americano alla corte di re Artù occorreva una gran dose d’avventura to beat the "tyrants" of the time, and with it of course some precious aphorisms: "Do not abandon your illusions. If you leave, you will continue to exist but cease to live. " Behold, it is enough to remind him .
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